2021
16.
Priscoli, Francesco Delli; Giuseppi, Alessandro; Pietrabissa, Antonio
Capacity-Constrained Wardrop Equilibria and Application to Multi-Connectivity in 5G Networks Journal Article
In: Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 358, no. 17, pp. 9364–9384, 2021.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, multi-connectivity, wardrop equilibria
@article{Priscoli2021,
title = {Capacity-Constrained Wardrop Equilibria and Application to Multi-Connectivity in 5G Networks},
author = {Francesco Delli Priscoli and Alessandro Giuseppi and Antonio Pietrabissa
},
doi = {10.1016/j.jfranklin.2021.09.025},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-10-03},
urldate = {2021-10-03},
journal = {Journal of the Franklin Institute},
volume = {358},
number = {17},
pages = {9364--9384},
abstract = {In this paper, a distributed, non-cooperative and dynamic load-balancing algorithm is proposed in the context of multi-commodity adversarial network equilibria with constrained providers’ capacities. The algorithm is proven to converge to a generalised Wardrop user-equilibrium, referred to as Beckmann equilibrium in the literature, in which, for each commodity, the latencies of the unsaturated providers are equalized. The algorithm is then used as a Multi-connectivity algorithm in the context of 5G heterogeneous networks, in which the user equipments are able to use different access networks simultaneously to increase the transmission capacity and/or to improve the transmission reliability. The proposed controller provides a solution for dynamic traffic steering by distributing the traffic load over the available heterogeneous access points, considered as capacity providers. Simulation results validate the approach. The developed network simulator is available as an open-source environment De Santis et al. (2020).},
keywords = {5G, multi-connectivity, wardrop equilibria},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this paper, a distributed, non-cooperative and dynamic load-balancing algorithm is proposed in the context of multi-commodity adversarial network equilibria with constrained providers’ capacities. The algorithm is proven to converge to a generalised Wardrop user-equilibrium, referred to as Beckmann equilibrium in the literature, in which, for each commodity, the latencies of the unsaturated providers are equalized. The algorithm is then used as a Multi-connectivity algorithm in the context of 5G heterogeneous networks, in which the user equipments are able to use different access networks simultaneously to increase the transmission capacity and/or to improve the transmission reliability. The proposed controller provides a solution for dynamic traffic steering by distributing the traffic load over the available heterogeneous access points, considered as capacity providers. Simulation results validate the approach. The developed network simulator is available as an open-source environment De Santis et al. (2020).
15.
Doré, Jean-Baptiste; Laugeois, Marc; Cassiau, Nicolas; Popon, Xavier
FPGA Implementation of a Wideband Multi-Gb/s 5G BF-OFDM Transceiver Proceedings Article
In: 2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit), pp. 502–507, IEEE, 2021.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, BF-OFDM, FPGA, parallelization, wideband
@inproceedings{Dor\'{e}2021b,
title = {FPGA Implementation of a Wideband Multi-Gb/s 5G BF-OFDM Transceiver},
author = {Jean-Baptiste Dor\'{e} and Marc Laugeois and Nicolas Cassiau and Xavier Popon
},
doi = {10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit51104.2021.9482424},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-07-28},
urldate = {2021-07-28},
booktitle = {2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)},
pages = {502--507},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {This paper describes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of a multi-Gb/s Block Filtered (BF) OFDM transceiver, fully 5G NR compatible. The main obstacles for such a work are (i) the support of multiple configurations and parameters, (ii) the high bandwidth w.r.t the board clock frequency and (iii) the intrinsic complexity of BF-OFDM. We prove that despite these barriers an hardware implementation of this waveform is possible, even with a bandwidth up to 400 MHz. We based our developments on the following pillars: smart layout of the basic modules, parallelization of dedicated functions design and ad hoc architecture. Measurements and complexity analysis demonstrate the high flexibility of BF-OFDM.},
keywords = {5G, BF-OFDM, FPGA, parallelization, wideband},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper describes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of a multi-Gb/s Block Filtered (BF) OFDM transceiver, fully 5G NR compatible. The main obstacles for such a work are (i) the support of multiple configurations and parameters, (ii) the high bandwidth w.r.t the board clock frequency and (iii) the intrinsic complexity of BF-OFDM. We prove that despite these barriers an hardware implementation of this waveform is possible, even with a bandwidth up to 400 MHz. We based our developments on the following pillars: smart layout of the basic modules, parallelization of dedicated functions design and ad hoc architecture. Measurements and complexity analysis demonstrate the high flexibility of BF-OFDM.
2020
14.
Giuseppi, Alessandro; Shahid, Syed Maaz; Santis, Emanuele De; Won, Seok Ho; Kwon, Sungoh; Choi, Taesang
Design and Simulation of the Multi-RAT Load-balancing Algorithms for 5G-ALLSTAR Systems Proceedings Article
In: 2020 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), IEEE, 2020, ISSN: 2162-1233.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, load-balancing, multi-connectivity, multi-RAT, Satellite-terrestrial communication
@inproceedings{Giuseppi2020e,
title = {Design and Simulation of the Multi-RAT Load-balancing Algorithms for 5G-ALLSTAR Systems},
author = {Alessandro Giuseppi and Syed Maaz Shahid and Emanuele De Santis and Seok Ho Won and Sungoh Kwon and Taesang Choi},
doi = {10.1109/ICTC49870.2020.9289485},
issn = {2162-1233},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-21},
booktitle = {2020 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {This paper introduces algorithms for the multi-RAT load balancing function to maximize QoE in terrestrial and satellite combined system developed in the 5G-ALLSTAR project. The pros and cons of the considered algorithms are described and the simulator is also described in the paper with the on-going performance evaluation processes.},
keywords = {5G, load-balancing, multi-connectivity, multi-RAT, Satellite-terrestrial communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper introduces algorithms for the multi-RAT load balancing function to maximize QoE in terrestrial and satellite combined system developed in the 5G-ALLSTAR project. The pros and cons of the considered algorithms are described and the simulator is also described in the paper with the on-going performance evaluation processes.
13.
Strinati, Emilio Calvanese; Barbarossa, Sergio; Choi, Taesang; Pietrabissa, Antonio; Giuseppi, Alessandro; Santis, Emanuele De; Vidal, Josep; Becvar, Zdenek; Haustein, Thomas; Cassiau, Nicolas; Costanzo, Francesca; Kim, Junhyeong; Kim, Ilgyu
6G in the Sky: On-Demand Intelligence at the Edge of 3D Networks Journal Article
In: ETRI Journal, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 643–657, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 3D connectivity, 3D networks, 3D services, 5G, 6G, B5G, high-altitude platform stations, mobile edge computing, non-terrestrial communications, satellite, unmanned aerial vehicle
@article{Strinati2020,
title = {6G in the Sky: On-Demand Intelligence at the Edge of 3D Networks},
author = {Emilio Calvanese Strinati and Sergio Barbarossa and Taesang Choi and Antonio Pietrabissa and Alessandro Giuseppi and Emanuele {De Santis} and Josep Vidal and Zdenek Becvar and Thomas Haustein and Nicolas Cassiau and Francesca Costanzo and Junhyeong Kim and Ilgyu Kim},
doi = {10.4218/etrij.2020-0205},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-20},
urldate = {2020-10-20},
journal = {ETRI Journal},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {643--657},
abstract = {Sixth generation will exploit satellite, aerial, and terrestrial platforms jointly to improve radio access capability and unlock the support of on-demand edge cloud services in three-dimensional (3D) space, by incorporating mobile edge computing (MEC) functionalities on aerial platforms and low-orbit satellites. This will extend the MEC support to devices and network elements in the sky and forge a space-borne MEC, enabling intelligent, personalized, and distributed on-demand services. End users will experience the impression of being surrounded by a distributed computer, fulfilling their requests with apparently zero latency. In this paper, we consider an architecture that provides communication, computation, and caching (C3) services on demand, anytime, and everywhere in 3D space, integrating conventional ground (terrestrial) base stations and flying (non-terrestrial) nodes. Given the complexity of the overall network, the C3 resources and management of aerial devices need to be jointly orchestrated via artificial intelligence-based algorithms, exploiting virtualized network functions dynamically deployed in a distributed manner across terrestrial and non-terrestrial nodes.},
keywords = {3D connectivity, 3D networks, 3D services, 5G, 6G, B5G, high-altitude platform stations, mobile edge computing, non-terrestrial communications, satellite, unmanned aerial vehicle},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sixth generation will exploit satellite, aerial, and terrestrial platforms jointly to improve radio access capability and unlock the support of on-demand edge cloud services in three-dimensional (3D) space, by incorporating mobile edge computing (MEC) functionalities on aerial platforms and low-orbit satellites. This will extend the MEC support to devices and network elements in the sky and forge a space-borne MEC, enabling intelligent, personalized, and distributed on-demand services. End users will experience the impression of being surrounded by a distributed computer, fulfilling their requests with apparently zero latency. In this paper, we consider an architecture that provides communication, computation, and caching (C3) services on demand, anytime, and everywhere in 3D space, integrating conventional ground (terrestrial) base stations and flying (non-terrestrial) nodes. Given the complexity of the overall network, the C3 resources and management of aerial devices need to be jointly orchestrated via artificial intelligence-based algorithms, exploiting virtualized network functions dynamically deployed in a distributed manner across terrestrial and non-terrestrial nodes.
12.
Jaeckel, Stephan; Raschkowski, Leszek; Thiele, Lars
A 5G-NR Satellite Extension for the QuaDRiGa Channel Model Proceedings Article Forthcoming
In: IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC2021-Spring, Forthcoming.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, channel model, QuaDRiGa, satellite
@inproceedings{Jaeckel2020,
title = {A 5G-NR Satellite Extension for the QuaDRiGa Channel Model},
author = {Stephan Jaeckel and Leszek Raschkowski and Lars Thiele},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01002},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-01},
urldate = {2020-10-01},
booktitle = {IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC2021-Spring},
abstract = {Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks will become an integral part of the global telecommunication infrastructure. Modeling the radio-links of these networks and their interaction with existing terrestrial systems is crucial for the design, planning and scaling of these networks. The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) addressed this by providing guideline for such a radio-channel model. However, the proposed model lacks a satellite orbit model and has some inconsistencies in the provided parameters. This is addressed in this paper. We provide a non-geostationary-satellite model that can be integrated into geometry-based stochastic channel models (GSCMs) such as QuaDRiGa. We then use this model to obtain the GSCM parameters from a simplified environment model and compare the results to the 3GPP parameter-set. This solves the inconsistencies, but our simplified approach does not consider many propagation effects. Future work must therefore rely on measurements or accurate Ray-tracing models to obtain the parameters.},
keywords = {5G, channel model, QuaDRiGa, satellite},
pubstate = {forthcoming},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks will become an integral part of the global telecommunication infrastructure. Modeling the radio-links of these networks and their interaction with existing terrestrial systems is crucial for the design, planning and scaling of these networks. The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) addressed this by providing guideline for such a radio-channel model. However, the proposed model lacks a satellite orbit model and has some inconsistencies in the provided parameters. This is addressed in this paper. We provide a non-geostationary-satellite model that can be integrated into geometry-based stochastic channel models (GSCMs) such as QuaDRiGa. We then use this model to obtain the GSCM parameters from a simplified environment model and compare the results to the 3GPP parameter-set. This solves the inconsistencies, but our simplified approach does not consider many propagation effects. Future work must therefore rely on measurements or accurate Ray-tracing models to obtain the parameters.
11.
Giuseppi, Alessandro; Pietrabissa, Antonio; Liberati, Francesco; Germanà, Roberto; Priscoli, Francesco Delli
Traffic steering and network selection in 5G networks based on Reinforcement Learning Proceedings Article
In: European Control Conference 2020, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, Network Selection, reinforcement learning, traffic steering
@inproceedings{Giuseppi2020f,
title = {Traffic steering and network selection in 5G networks based on Reinforcement Learning},
author = {Alessandro Giuseppi and Antonio Pietrabissa and Francesco Liberati and Roberto German\`{a} and Francesco Delli Priscoli},
doi = {10.23919/ECC51009.2020.9143837},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-20},
urldate = {2020-07-20},
booktitle = {European Control Conference 2020},
abstract = {This paper presents a controller for the problem of Network Selection in 5G Networks, based on Reinforcement Learning. The problem of Network Selection and Traffic Steering is modeled as a Markov Decision Process and a Q- Learning based control solution is designed to meet 5G requirements, such as Quality of Experience (QoE) maximization, Quality of Service (QoS) assurance and load balancing. Numerical simulations preliminarily validate the proposed approach on a simulated scenario considered in the European project H2020 5G-ALLSTAR.},
keywords = {5G, Network Selection, reinforcement learning, traffic steering},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper presents a controller for the problem of Network Selection in 5G Networks, based on Reinforcement Learning. The problem of Network Selection and Traffic Steering is modeled as a Markov Decision Process and a Q- Learning based control solution is designed to meet 5G requirements, such as Quality of Experience (QoE) maximization, Quality of Service (QoS) assurance and load balancing. Numerical simulations preliminarily validate the proposed approach on a simulated scenario considered in the European project H2020 5G-ALLSTAR.
10.
Ma, Lei; Guan, Ke; Yan, Dong; He, Danping; Ai, Bo; Kim, Junhyeong; Chung, Heesang
Characterization for High-Speed Railway Channel enabling Smart Rail Mobility at 22.6 GHz Proceedings Article
In: 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), pp. 1-6, 2020, ISSN: 1558-2612.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, High-speed railway, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, smart rail mobility
@inproceedings{Ma2020a,
title = {Characterization for High-Speed Railway Channel enabling Smart Rail Mobility at 22.6 GHz},
author = {Lei Ma and Ke Guan and Dong Yan and Danping He and Bo Ai and Junhyeong Kim and Heesang Chung},
doi = {10.1109/WCNC45663.2020.9120474},
issn = {1558-2612},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-05-01},
urldate = {2020-05-01},
booktitle = {2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)},
pages = {1-6},
abstract = {The millimeter wave (mmWave) communication with large bandwidth is a key enabler for both the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) and smart rail mobility. Thus, in order to provide realistic channel fundamental, the wireless channel at 22.6 GHz is characterized for a typical high-speed railway (HSR) environment in this paper. After importing the three-dimensional environment model of a typical HSR scenario into a self-developed high-performance cloud-computing Ray-Tracing platform \textendash CloudRT, extensive raytracing simulations are realized. Based on the results, the HSR channel characteristics are extracted and analyzed, considering the extra loss of various weather conditions. The results of this paper can help for the design and evaluation for the HSR communication systems enabling smart rail mobility.},
keywords = {5G, High-speed railway, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, smart rail mobility},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The millimeter wave (mmWave) communication with large bandwidth is a key enabler for both the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) and smart rail mobility. Thus, in order to provide realistic channel fundamental, the wireless channel at 22.6 GHz is characterized for a typical high-speed railway (HSR) environment in this paper. After importing the three-dimensional environment model of a typical HSR scenario into a self-developed high-performance cloud-computing Ray-Tracing platform – CloudRT, extensive raytracing simulations are realized. Based on the results, the HSR channel characteristics are extracted and analyzed, considering the extra loss of various weather conditions. The results of this paper can help for the design and evaluation for the HSR communication systems enabling smart rail mobility.
9.
Giuseppi, Alessandro; Santis, Emanuele De; Priscoli, Francesco Delli; Won, Seok Ho; Choi, Taesang; Pietrabissa, Antonio
Network Selection in 5G Networks Based on Markov Games and Friend-or-Foe Reinforcement Learning Proceedings Article
In: 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), pp. 1-5, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, Markov Games, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning, Network Selection
@inproceedings{Giuseppi2020b,
title = {Network Selection in 5G Networks Based on Markov Games and Friend-or-Foe Reinforcement Learning},
author = {Alessandro Giuseppi and Emanuele De Santis and Francesco Delli Priscoli and Seok Ho Won and Taesang Choi and Antonio Pietrabissa},
doi = {10.1109/WCNCW48565.2020.9124723},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-04-01},
urldate = {2020-04-01},
booktitle = {2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW)},
pages = {1-5},
abstract = {This paper presents a control solution for the optimal network selection problem in 5G heterogeneous networks. The control logic proposed is based on multi-agent Friend-or-Foe Q-Learning, allowing the design of a distributed control architecture that sees the various access points compete for the allocation of the connection requests. Numerical simulations validate conceptually the approach, developed in the scope of the EU-Korea project 5G-ALLSTAR},
keywords = {5G, Markov Games, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning, Network Selection},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper presents a control solution for the optimal network selection problem in 5G heterogeneous networks. The control logic proposed is based on multi-agent Friend-or-Foe Q-Learning, allowing the design of a distributed control architecture that sees the various access points compete for the allocation of the connection requests. Numerical simulations validate conceptually the approach, developed in the scope of the EU-Korea project 5G-ALLSTAR
8.
Cassiau, Nicolas; Noh, Gosan; Jaeckel, Stephan; Raschkowski, Leszek; Houssin, Jean-Michel; Combelles, Laurent; Thary, Marjorie; Kim, Junhyeong; Doré, Jean-Baptiste; Laugeois, Marc
Satellite and terrestrial multi-connectivity for 5G: making spectrum sharing possible Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC 2020), Seoul, South Korea, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, multi-connectivity, satellite, spectrum sharing
@inproceedings{cassiau:hal-02864733,
title = {Satellite and terrestrial multi-connectivity for 5G: making spectrum sharing possible},
author = {Nicolas Cassiau and Gosan Noh and Stephan Jaeckel and Leszek Raschkowski and Jean-Michel Houssin and Laurent Combelles and Marjorie Thary and Junhyeong Kim and Jean-Baptiste Dor\'{e} and Marc Laugeois},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02864733},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
booktitle = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC 2020)},
address = {Seoul, South Korea},
abstract = {This paper reports the first results of the 5G-ALLSTAR project [1] aiming at providing solutions and enablers for spectrum sharing in a 5G cellular and satellite multi-connectivity context. First, we present an exhaustive study of the frequency bands eligible for these systems in the short and medium term. A ray-tracing based and a geometry-based stochastic channel models developed in the project are then described. These models can be used to simulate systems involving terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks. We then describe three different ways investigated in the project for managing interference: signal processing (hardware implementation of a 5G New Radio compatible physical layer), beamforming (steering and switching beams in order to avoid the interference while preserving the spectral efficiency) and radio resource management (tool designed for joint optimization of satellite and terrestrial resource sharing).},
keywords = {5G, multi-connectivity, satellite, spectrum sharing},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper reports the first results of the 5G-ALLSTAR project [1] aiming at providing solutions and enablers for spectrum sharing in a 5G cellular and satellite multi-connectivity context. First, we present an exhaustive study of the frequency bands eligible for these systems in the short and medium term. A ray-tracing based and a geometry-based stochastic channel models developed in the project are then described. These models can be used to simulate systems involving terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks. We then describe three different ways investigated in the project for managing interference: signal processing (hardware implementation of a 5G New Radio compatible physical layer), beamforming (steering and switching beams in order to avoid the interference while preserving the spectral efficiency) and radio resource management (tool designed for joint optimization of satellite and terrestrial resource sharing).
7.
Noh, Gosan; Chung, Heesang; Kim, Ilgyu
Outage Analysis for Terrestrial-Satellite Spectrum Sharing Journal Article
In: IEEE Communications Letters, pp. 1-1, 2020, ISSN: 1558-2558.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, interference, outage analysis, satellite
@article{Noh2020,
title = {Outage Analysis for Terrestrial-Satellite Spectrum Sharing},
author = {Gosan Noh and Heesang Chung and Ilgyu Kim},
doi = {10.1109/LCOMM.2020.3006133},
issn = {1558-2558},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {IEEE Communications Letters},
pages = {1-1},
abstract = {This letter investigates the effect of the interference due to spectrum sharing between terrestrial and satellite systems. Based on a realistic coexistence model, we provide an exact closed-form outage probability expression of the satellite link in the presence of the terrestrial interference. We assume Nakagami fading both for terrestrial and satellite links, with an additional consideration for the shadowed Rician fading satellite link. Numerical results show that uncontrolled terrestrial interference can significantly degrade the outage performance of the satellite link. The obtained formulas are useful in predicting and preventing harmful interference when designing coexistence mechanisms for terrestrial and satellite systems.},
keywords = {5G, interference, outage analysis, satellite},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This letter investigates the effect of the interference due to spectrum sharing between terrestrial and satellite systems. Based on a realistic coexistence model, we provide an exact closed-form outage probability expression of the satellite link in the presence of the terrestrial interference. We assume Nakagami fading both for terrestrial and satellite links, with an additional consideration for the shadowed Rician fading satellite link. Numerical results show that uncontrolled terrestrial interference can significantly degrade the outage performance of the satellite link. The obtained formulas are useful in predicting and preventing harmful interference when designing coexistence mechanisms for terrestrial and satellite systems.
6.
Yan, Dong; Guan, Ke; He, Danping; Ai, Bo; Li, Zan; Kim, Junhyeong; Chung, Heesang; Zhong, Zhangdui
Channel Characterization for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications in Millimeter-Wave Band Journal Article
In: IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 42325-42341, 2020, ISSN: 2169-3536.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, vehicle-to-infrastructure link
@article{Yan2020,
title = {Channel Characterization for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications in Millimeter-Wave Band},
author = {Dong Yan and Ke Guan and Danping He and Bo Ai and Zan Li and Junhyeong Kim and Heesang Chung and Zhangdui Zhong},
doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2977208},
issn = {2169-3536},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {IEEE Access},
volume = {8},
pages = {42325-42341},
abstract = {In recent years, the intelligent transport system (ITS) has been developed rapidly because of global urbanization and industrialization, which is considered as the key enabling technology to improve road safety, traffic efficiency, and driving experience. To achieve these goals, vehicles need to be equipped with a large number of sensors to enable the generation and exchange of high-rate data streams. Recently, millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology has been introduced as a means of meeting such a high data rate requirement. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the channel characteristics for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) link in mmWave band (22.1-23.1 GHz) for various road environments and deployment configurations is conducted. The self-developed ray-tracing (RT) simulator is employed with the calibrated electromagnetic (EM) parameters. The three-dimensional (3D) environment models are reconstructed from the OpenStreetMap (OSM). In the simulations, not only the vehicle user equipment (UE) moves, but also the other vehicles such as cars, delivery vans, and buses move around the vehicle UE. Moreover, the impacts of the receiver (Rx) multiple antennas and beam switching technologies at the vehicle UE are evaluated as well. The channel parameters of the V2I link in mmWave band, including received power, Rician $K$ -factor, root-mean-square delay spread, and angular spreads are explored in the target scenarios under different simulation deployments. This work aims to help the researchers understand the channel characteristics of the V2I links in mmWave band and support the link-level and system-level design for future vehicular communications.},
keywords = {5G, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, vehicle-to-infrastructure link},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In recent years, the intelligent transport system (ITS) has been developed rapidly because of global urbanization and industrialization, which is considered as the key enabling technology to improve road safety, traffic efficiency, and driving experience. To achieve these goals, vehicles need to be equipped with a large number of sensors to enable the generation and exchange of high-rate data streams. Recently, millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology has been introduced as a means of meeting such a high data rate requirement. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the channel characteristics for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) link in mmWave band (22.1-23.1 GHz) for various road environments and deployment configurations is conducted. The self-developed ray-tracing (RT) simulator is employed with the calibrated electromagnetic (EM) parameters. The three-dimensional (3D) environment models are reconstructed from the OpenStreetMap (OSM). In the simulations, not only the vehicle user equipment (UE) moves, but also the other vehicles such as cars, delivery vans, and buses move around the vehicle UE. Moreover, the impacts of the receiver (Rx) multiple antennas and beam switching technologies at the vehicle UE are evaluated as well. The channel parameters of the V2I link in mmWave band, including received power, Rician $K$ -factor, root-mean-square delay spread, and angular spreads are explored in the target scenarios under different simulation deployments. This work aims to help the researchers understand the channel characteristics of the V2I links in mmWave band and support the link-level and system-level design for future vehicular communications.
5.
Ma, Lei; Guan, Ke; Yan, Dong; He, Danping; Leonor, Nuno R; Ai, Bo; Kim, Junhyeong
Satellite-Terrestrial Channel Characterization in High-Speed Railway Environment at 22.6 GHz Journal Article
In: Radio Science, vol. 55, no. 3, 2020.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, mmWave, radio propagation, Railway communication, ray-tracing, satellite, Satellite-terrestrial communication
@article{Ma2020,
title = {Satellite-Terrestrial Channel Characterization in High-Speed Railway Environment at 22.6 GHz},
author = {Lei Ma and Ke Guan and Dong Yan and Danping He and Nuno R Leonor and Bo Ai and Junhyeong Kim},
url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019RS006995},
doi = {10.1029/2019RS006995},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Radio Science},
volume = {55},
number = {3},
abstract = {Abstract The integration of satellite and terrestrial communication systems plays a vital role in the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) for the ubiquitous coverage, reliable service, and flexible networking. Moreover, the millimeter wave (mmWave) communication with large bandwidth is a key enabler for 5G intelligent rail transportation. In this paper, the satellite-terrestrial channel at 22.6 GHz is characterized for a typical high-speed railway (HSR) environment. The three-dimensional model of the railway scenario is reconstructed and imported into the Cloud Ray-Tracing (CloudRT) simulation platform. Based on extensive ray-tracing simulations, the channel for the terrestrial HSR system and the satellite-terrestrial system with two weather conditions are characterized, and the interference between them are evaluated. The results of this paper can help for the design and evaluation for the satellite-terrestrial communication system enabling future intelligent rail transportation.},
keywords = {5G, mmWave, radio propagation, Railway communication, ray-tracing, satellite, Satellite-terrestrial communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract The integration of satellite and terrestrial communication systems plays a vital role in the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) for the ubiquitous coverage, reliable service, and flexible networking. Moreover, the millimeter wave (mmWave) communication with large bandwidth is a key enabler for 5G intelligent rail transportation. In this paper, the satellite-terrestrial channel at 22.6 GHz is characterized for a typical high-speed railway (HSR) environment. The three-dimensional model of the railway scenario is reconstructed and imported into the Cloud Ray-Tracing (CloudRT) simulation platform. Based on extensive ray-tracing simulations, the channel for the terrestrial HSR system and the satellite-terrestrial system with two weather conditions are characterized, and the interference between them are evaluated. The results of this paper can help for the design and evaluation for the satellite-terrestrial communication system enabling future intelligent rail transportation.
4.
Choi, Taesang; Won, Seok Ho; Giuseppi, Alessandro; Pietrabissa, Antonio; Kwon, Sungoh
Management and Orchestration Architecture for Integrated Access of Satellite and Terrestrial in 5G Proceedings Article
In: 2020 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), pp. 40-45, 2020, ISSN: 1976-7684.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, Computer architecture, heterogeneous network, high data rate, integrated access, load-balancing, management and orchestration, management standardization, mobility management (mobile radio), multi-connectivity, multiple different radio access technologies, network resources, orchestration architecture, QoS/QoE management, Quality of experience, Quality of service, radio access networks, Rats, reliability, satellite, telecommunication traffic, traffic steering, ultra-low latency
@inproceedings{Choi2020,
title = {Management and Orchestration Architecture for Integrated Access of Satellite and Terrestrial in 5G},
author = {Taesang Choi and Seok Ho Won and Alessandro Giuseppi and Antonio Pietrabissa and Sungoh Kwon},
doi = {10.1109/ICOIN48656.2020.9016484},
issn = {1976-7684},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
urldate = {2020-01-01},
booktitle = {2020 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN)},
pages = {40-45},
abstract = {Multi-RAT access network, or heterogeneous access network, is considered to be the key enabling technology to satisfy the 5G requirements, such as high data rate, ultra-low latency and reliability. To make efficient use of all the available network resources, various research activities on multi-connectivity have been proposed to simultaneously connect, steer, and orchestrate across multiple different radio access technologies. Standardization of the management and orchestration of multi-connectivity environment, however, has just been initiated, thus further research and development is required. This paper proposes a novel management and orchestration architecture for integrated access of satellite and terrestrial in 5G. It especially focuses on the traffic steering and load-balancing of heterogeneous multi-RAT access environment.},
keywords = {5G, Computer architecture, heterogeneous network, high data rate, integrated access, load-balancing, management and orchestration, management standardization, mobility management (mobile radio), multi-connectivity, multiple different radio access technologies, network resources, orchestration architecture, QoS/QoE management, Quality of experience, Quality of service, radio access networks, Rats, reliability, satellite, telecommunication traffic, traffic steering, ultra-low latency},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Multi-RAT access network, or heterogeneous access network, is considered to be the key enabling technology to satisfy the 5G requirements, such as high data rate, ultra-low latency and reliability. To make efficient use of all the available network resources, various research activities on multi-connectivity have been proposed to simultaneously connect, steer, and orchestrate across multiple different radio access technologies. Standardization of the management and orchestration of multi-connectivity environment, however, has just been initiated, thus further research and development is required. This paper proposes a novel management and orchestration architecture for integrated access of satellite and terrestrial in 5G. It especially focuses on the traffic steering and load-balancing of heterogeneous multi-RAT access environment.
2019
3.
Kim, Junhyeong; Choi, Sung-Woo; Noh, Gosan; Chung, Heesang; Kim, Ilgyu
A Study on Frequency Planning of MN System for 5G Vehicular Communications Proceedings Article
In: 2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), pp. 1442-1445, 2019, ISSN: 2162-1233.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, frequency planning, frequency reuse, Moving Network, vehicular communications
@inproceedings{Kim2019a,
title = {A Study on Frequency Planning of MN System for 5G Vehicular Communications},
author = {Junhyeong Kim and Sung-Woo Choi and Gosan Noh and Heesang Chung and Ilgyu Kim},
doi = {10.1109/ICTC46691.2019.8939787},
issn = {2162-1233},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-01},
urldate = {2019-10-01},
booktitle = {2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)},
pages = {1442-1445},
abstract = {Recently in Korea, a research project has been launched to develop Moving Network (MN) system, which is a millimeter-wave (mmWave)-band vehicular communications system aiming to provide public transportation (e.g., city buses, express buses) with broadband mobile wireless backhaul (MWB). The MN system is designed to operate in Flexible Access Common Spectrum (FACS), which is the unlicensed band of 22-23.6 GHz that has been designated by the Korean government, thereby allowing onboard passengers to use Gigabit Wi-Fi for free. Although it is possible to utilize a very high bandwidth of 1.6 GHz in FACS, it is necessary to investigate the proper frequency planning (FP) for MN system that can effectively mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) so as to optimize the system performance. For this reason, in this paper, we investigate three different FP strategies for MN system and conduct a simple performance evaluation. Simulation results show that as inter-site distance (ISD) gets closer, the reverse frequency reuse (R-FR)-based FP achieves better signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and capacity performances than the other FPs.},
keywords = {5G, frequency planning, frequency reuse, Moving Network, vehicular communications},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Recently in Korea, a research project has been launched to develop Moving Network (MN) system, which is a millimeter-wave (mmWave)-band vehicular communications system aiming to provide public transportation (e.g., city buses, express buses) with broadband mobile wireless backhaul (MWB). The MN system is designed to operate in Flexible Access Common Spectrum (FACS), which is the unlicensed band of 22-23.6 GHz that has been designated by the Korean government, thereby allowing onboard passengers to use Gigabit Wi-Fi for free. Although it is possible to utilize a very high bandwidth of 1.6 GHz in FACS, it is necessary to investigate the proper frequency planning (FP) for MN system that can effectively mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) so as to optimize the system performance. For this reason, in this paper, we investigate three different FP strategies for MN system and conduct a simple performance evaluation. Simulation results show that as inter-site distance (ISD) gets closer, the reverse frequency reuse (R-FR)-based FP achieves better signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and capacity performances than the other FPs.
2.
Lisi, Federico; Losquadro, Giacinto; Tortorelli, Andrea; Ornatelli, Antonio; Donsante, Manuel
Multi-Connectivity in 5G terrestrial-Satellite Networks: the 5G-ALLSTAR Solution Proceedings Article
In: Ka and Broadband Communications, Navigation and Earth Observation Conference, 2019.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, multi-connectivity, satellite
@inproceedings{Lisi2019,
title = {Multi-Connectivity in 5G terrestrial-Satellite Networks: the 5G-ALLSTAR Solution},
author = {Federico Lisi and Giacinto Losquadro and Andrea Tortorelli and Antonio Ornatelli and Manuel Donsante},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00368
http://proceedings.kaconf.org/papers/2019/ka17_2.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {Ka and Broadband Communications, Navigation and Earth Observation Conference},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.00368},
abstract = {The 5G-ALLSTAR project is aimed at integrating Terrestrial and Satellite Networks for satisfying the highly challenging and demanding requirements of the 5G use cases. The integration of the two networks is a key feature to assure the service continuity in challenging communication situations (e.g., emergency cases, marine, railway, etc.) by avoiding service interruptions. The 5G-ALLSTAR project proposes to develop Multi-Connectivity (MC) solutions in order to guarantee network reliability and improve the throughput and latency for each connection between User Equipment (UE) and network. In the 5G-ALLSTAR vision, we divide the gNB in two entities: 1) gNB-CU (Centralized Unit) and 2) gNB-DU (Distributed Unit) The gNB-CU integrates an innovative Traffic Flow Control algorithm able to optimize the network resources by coordinating the controlled gNB-DUs resources, while implementing MC solutions. The MC permits to connect each UE with simultaneous multiple access points (even different radio access technologies). This solution leads to have independent gNB-DU/s that contain the RLC, MAC and PHY layers. The 5G-ALLSTAR MC algorithms offer advanced functionalities to RRC layer (in the gNB-CU) that is, in turn, able to set up the SDAP, the PDCP and the lower layers in gNB-DU. In this regard, the AI-based MC algorithms, implemented in gNB-CU, by considering the network performances in the UE surrounding environment as well as the UE QoS requirements, will dynamically select the most promising access points able to guarantee the fulfilment of the requirements also enabling the optimal traffic splitting to cope with the connection reliability. In this paper, we present also an innovative AI-based framework, included within the Traffic Flow Control, able to address the MC objectives, by implementing a Reinforcement Learning algorithm in charge of solving the network control problem.},
keywords = {5G, multi-connectivity, satellite},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The 5G-ALLSTAR project is aimed at integrating Terrestrial and Satellite Networks for satisfying the highly challenging and demanding requirements of the 5G use cases. The integration of the two networks is a key feature to assure the service continuity in challenging communication situations (e.g., emergency cases, marine, railway, etc.) by avoiding service interruptions. The 5G-ALLSTAR project proposes to develop Multi-Connectivity (MC) solutions in order to guarantee network reliability and improve the throughput and latency for each connection between User Equipment (UE) and network. In the 5G-ALLSTAR vision, we divide the gNB in two entities: 1) gNB-CU (Centralized Unit) and 2) gNB-DU (Distributed Unit) The gNB-CU integrates an innovative Traffic Flow Control algorithm able to optimize the network resources by coordinating the controlled gNB-DUs resources, while implementing MC solutions. The MC permits to connect each UE with simultaneous multiple access points (even different radio access technologies). This solution leads to have independent gNB-DU/s that contain the RLC, MAC and PHY layers. The 5G-ALLSTAR MC algorithms offer advanced functionalities to RRC layer (in the gNB-CU) that is, in turn, able to set up the SDAP, the PDCP and the lower layers in gNB-DU. In this regard, the AI-based MC algorithms, implemented in gNB-CU, by considering the network performances in the UE surrounding environment as well as the UE QoS requirements, will dynamically select the most promising access points able to guarantee the fulfilment of the requirements also enabling the optimal traffic splitting to cope with the connection reliability. In this paper, we present also an innovative AI-based framework, included within the Traffic Flow Control, able to address the MC objectives, by implementing a Reinforcement Learning algorithm in charge of solving the network control problem.
1.
Yan, Dong; Yi, Haofan; He, Danping; Guan, Ke; Ai, Bo; Zhong, Zhangdui; Kim, Junhyeong; Chung, Heesang
Channel Characterization for Satellite Link and Terrestrial Link of Vehicular Communication in the mmWave Band Journal Article
In: IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 173559-173570, 2019, ISSN: 2169-3536.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 5G, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, satellite, vehicular communications
@article{Yan2019,
title = {Channel Characterization for Satellite Link and Terrestrial Link of Vehicular Communication in the mmWave Band},
author = {Dong Yan and Haofan Yi and Danping He and Ke Guan and Bo Ai and Zhangdui Zhong and Junhyeong Kim and Heesang Chung},
doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2956821},
issn = {2169-3536},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {IEEE Access},
volume = {7},
pages = {173559-173570},
abstract = {In the vision of intelligent transportation, vehicles are expected to feature with advanced applications, such as automatic road enforcement, dynamic traffic light sequence, and autonomous driving. Therefore, real-time and fast dynamic information exchanges are required, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications are highly demanded. In this work, the channel characteristics of vehicular communication are analyzed in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band at 22.1-23.1 GHz. Specifically, two types of links (the satellite link and the terrestrial link) are considered in urban and highway scenarios with different weather conditions. The ray-tracing simulator together with calibrated electromagnetic parameters is employed to practically generate wideband channels. The key channel parameters of each link including the received power, Rician K -factor, root-mean-square delay spread, and angular spreads are explored. The co-channel interferences between the two links are analyzed as well. The observations and conclusions of this work can be useful for the design of V2X communication technologies.},
keywords = {5G, mmWave, radio propagation, ray-tracing, satellite, vehicular communications},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the vision of intelligent transportation, vehicles are expected to feature with advanced applications, such as automatic road enforcement, dynamic traffic light sequence, and autonomous driving. Therefore, real-time and fast dynamic information exchanges are required, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications are highly demanded. In this work, the channel characteristics of vehicular communication are analyzed in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band at 22.1-23.1 GHz. Specifically, two types of links (the satellite link and the terrestrial link) are considered in urban and highway scenarios with different weather conditions. The ray-tracing simulator together with calibrated electromagnetic parameters is employed to practically generate wideband channels. The key channel parameters of each link including the received power, Rician K -factor, root-mean-square delay spread, and angular spreads are explored. The co-channel interferences between the two links are analyzed as well. The observations and conclusions of this work can be useful for the design of V2X communication technologies.